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An essential defense policy includes nuclear weapons and the super-sonic delivery system.

The fundamental physics of nuclear fission and fusion is publicly available in textbooks.

The basic design is to compress a core to supercritical. This basic idea dictates the entire design of the bomb.

The core material is selected for its neutron release capacity, weapons-grade fissile material: either highly enriched uranium (HEU) or plutonium-239, this material is imploded using explosives such as Tantalum-nickel-antimony (TAN) explosives.

Essentially the inner core made up of fissile material and around it are explosives arranged to implode the fissible material to the required degree.

Producing these materials requires:

1. For HEU: Extremely large, complex, and energy-intensive facilities (cascades of gas centrifuges or diffusion plants).
2. For Plutonium: A nuclear reactor to irradiate uranium fuel and a sophisticated reprocessing plant to chemically separate the plutonium.

These facilities have to be hidden, possibly built underground.

Uranium enrichment is a process that is necessary to create an effective nuclear fuel out of mined uranium by increasing the percentage of uranium-235.